Rice is the staple food for about one half of the world’s population. Rice is found all over the world and in thousands of varieties; there are more than 8,000 varieties found in India alone. Rice is edible starch cereal and a grass plant by which it is produced. One half of world population including East and Southeast Asia is dependent upon rice as a staple food. The cultivated rice plant is an annual grass and grows about 1.2metre(4 feet) in height. The fibrous root stem is often broad and is spreading .Rice varieties differ according to different shape, size, weight and overall productivity of plant. The study has observed that rice contributed substantially to the national income during the study period. The higher growth observed in value of basmati rice export (15.87%) was due to higher growth in unit value than quantity of export (7.55%) during 1980–81 to 2012–13. In the last few years, the global rice supply amounted to over 700 million metric tons of milled equivalent each year.